by Randall S. Hansen, Ph.D.
College-bound? This article provides an overview of the kinds of things admissions offices
seek from applicants -- and is especially useful for high school sophomores and juniors as
you begin your college planning, but it can also be useful for seniors as you prepare your college applications.
So, what are the 10 things college admissions offices seek from high school students when
you apply to college? Admissions officials mention these items as important to their decisions
when evaluating applicants.
1. Strong Scores on Standardized Tests. Of those colleges and universities that require the
SAT or ACT as part of your application -- and a small (but growing) number of schools do not -- admissions
counselors seek scores that match of exceed the scores of their current students. For better or worse,
standardized college entrance exam scores are seen as the most objective measure of your college
potential. In the process of conducting your research on colleges, you should easily be able to find a profile
of the most recently admitted class. (Note: colleges that do not require a standardized test for admission
consideration do usually require supplemental materials, such as a graded paper from a core academic
course and a portfolio that showcases your strengths, interests, and achievements.)
2. High Grade Point Average. It goes without question that grades are an extremely important
element of your college application. Colleges will ask you to submit official transcripts from your high school
and possibly recalculate your grade point average based on some internal system they use for weighting
different types of courses. Your goal, from the first year of high school forward, is to achieve the best grades
you can. If you had a rough freshman year, but have since rebounded with much stronger grades, fear not,
because colleges certainly look for trends in academic achievement -- and a record of constant improvement
when your GPA is not as strong as you would like is a good sign to most admissions counselors about your
growth and potential.
3. Challenging College-Prep Courses. Your challenge is not just to get the best grades you can --
but to get the best grades you can in the most academically challenging courses as you can. You certainly do
not need to enroll in an International Baccalaureate (IB) Program at your high school, but where you have the
strengths, skills, and aptitude, you should at least strive for Honors or Advanced Placement (AP) courses.
Most colleges will place greater weight on these “tougher” courses – and even go so far as to rate a B in an
advanced class (IB, Honors, AP) on a higher scale than an A in a comparable mainstream class.
4. Top Percentage of Class Standing. Class rank and class standing are moving a little further to
the back of the pack, partly because class rank means almost nothing in high schools that are at the extremes --
horrible or exceptional. In some of the top high school programs, class rank has been found to actually hurt
some of the very best students -- because only so many can be in the top 1, 5, or even 10 percent of the class.
Grades obviously drive class rank, so you should of course strive for the very best grades -- and then just hope
that the ranking works in your favor or that the colleges you apply to don't use rank as a top criteria for admissions.
5. Leadership Positions in a Few Organizations. Most colleges and universities are seeking leaders
from within their applicant pool, and you can make your application stand out by having one or two leadership
positions over the course of your high school career. Being a leader in one or two organizations means much,
much more than simply being a member in 10 clubs and organizations. Not only does leadership show a
certain level of maturity and character, but colleges also have an eye to all their student organizations and
their need to recruit future leaders. You don't need to be the president of an organization, but you should be
an officer of at least one group by the time you're a senior.
6. Active Involvement in Community Service. There's no requirement for community service to gain
admittance to college, but just about all college-bound high school students have jumped on the bandwagon,
volunteering throughout the local community. It seems to be one of these unwritten rules that applicants who
volunteer many, many hours in the service of supporting others will become a key campus activist. Regardless
of the importance for admission to college, most experts agree on the value and self-fulfillment people get in helping others.
7. Insightful and Well-Written Essay(s). Of all the 10 items on this list, the essay either gets the most
attention or the least respect -- depending on who you ask. Like some of the other 10 elements on this list, not
all colleges require an essay as part of the admissions application. The essay -- or essays -- are a tool used by
some universities to learn more about you and why you want to attend their school. Definitely take the time to
carefully consider the questions and write, edit, rewrite, and proofread your essays -- with an eye to what the
essays reveal about you and your personality. Some admissions counselors admit that an amazing essay
can push a marginal applicant into the accepted student group. Learn more about college essay writing in our
article, Writing the Successful
College Application Essay.
8. Quality Recommendations from Teachers and Guidance Counselor. The recommendation letters
that you ask your teachers and your guidance counselor to write can play a key role in your college application.
Ideally, you have a few favorite teachers -- teachers who not only know the quality of your work and academic
acumen, but also can talk about some of your personal qualities. It's best to ask your teachers for letters as
early as you can so that they have the time to write a quality letter; obviously the most popular teachers will
need even more time if they have requests from many of their students.
9. Relevant Recommendations from Professionals and Others. One other nice touch -- especially
for a college you really want to attend -- is to ask a professional such as a former (or current) boss to write
a letter of recommendation for you. Even better if that person has some sort of tie to the college as a donor
or alumnus. Other possibilities include your supervisor from one or more of your volunteering/community
service projects or a coach from one of the teams you have played for. If you have run your own business,
you might ask a favorite customer to write a letter. Finally, you can also ask a family friend or religious
leader to write a letter -- but personal references are not as strong as academic or professional ones.
10. Work and Entrepreneurial Experiences. While you certainly do not need to have ever held
a part-time or summer job or started your own business, if you have some unique experiences, writing
about your experiences can be a great essay topic as well as showcasing your professionalism and
time-management skills. College admissions folks love self-starters -- applicants with a strong entrepreneurial
spirit -- so proudly tell the story of your babysitting, lawn mowing, car detailing, tutoring, painting, or
pet-sitting business (or whatever YOUR business is).
Final Thoughts
While this article is a quick overview of the types of things college admissions
offices are looking for from college-bound high school seniors, you can find
much more information and depth in our free
College Planning Tutorial.
Finally, some additional resources that can help you in the college
application process:
Questions about some of the terminology used in this article? Get more information (definitions and links) on key college, career, and job-search
terms by going to our Job-Seeker's Glossary of Job-Hunting Terms.
Dr. Randall S. Hansen is founder of Quintessential Careers,
one of the oldest and most comprehensive career development sites on the Web, as well CEO of
EmpoweringSites.com. He is also founder of
MyCollegeSuccessStory.com and
EnhanceMyVocabulary.com. He is publisher of
Quintessential Careers Press,
including the Quintessential Careers electronic newsletter,
QuintZine. Dr. Hansen is also a
published author, with several books, chapters in books, and hundreds of articles. He's often
quoted in the media and conducts empowering workshops around the country. Finally, Dr. Hansen is
also an educator, having taught at the college level for more than 15 years. Visit his
personal Website or
reach him by email at randall(at)quintcareers.com.
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